New York
NY

Is New York, NY Tap Water Safe to Drink?

New York City's tap water is generally safe to drink and meets federal standards. Recent EPA testing detected trace levels of PFAS compounds and lithium, but none exceeded regulatory limits or health-based guidelines. No ZIP code in the city showed readings above any guideline.

2Water systems
284ZIP codes
0%ZIPs above EPA guideline
Metro areaNew York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ
Latest data2025-05-05

Where Does New York Get Its Water?

New York City's drinking water is surface water drawn primarily from an extensive upstate reservoir system in the Catskill and Delaware watersheds, as well as the Croton watershed to the north. The New York City water system, operated by the city's Department of Environmental Protection, is one of the largest municipal water systems in the country.

The Croton system feeds into filtration infrastructure that includes treatment facilities serving the city's tunnels and distribution network. Water reaches consumers through a series of major tunnels that move treated water into the five boroughs.

How Is New York Tap Water Treated?

New York City's water goes through several treatment steps before reaching your tap. These include dissolved air flotation, granular activated carbon filtration, and ultraviolet treatment, which together remove particles, organic compounds, and pathogens.

For disinfection, the system uses both free chlorine and chloramines, along with ultraviolet light at low doses. Chlorine and chloramines kill bacteria and viruses during distribution and help maintain water quality as it travels through hundreds of miles of pipes.

The combination of UV treatment and chemical disinfection is designed to meet federal standards for microbial safety while also addressing emerging contaminants such as PFAS through the activated carbon step.

What's in New York Tap Water?

The most widely detected substance in recent EPA testing was lithium, found at levels up to 9 micrograms per liter across all 284 ZIP codes sampled. There is no federal maximum for lithium in drinking water, and the detected level does not exceed any current EPA health-based guideline.

Several PFAS compounds were also detected. PFTrDA, a long-chain PFAS, was detected at up to 0.007 micrograms per liter. Two other PFAS substances, 11Cl-PF3OUdS and HFPO-DA, were each detected at up to 0.005 micrograms per liter. None of these readings exceeded EPA guidelines, and zero ZIP codes tested above any guideline threshold.

PFAS are a family of human-made chemicals used in industrial and consumer products for decades. They can enter water supplies through industrial discharge and runoff. The fact that any PFAS are detectable is why the city's treatment system includes granular activated carbon, which is designed to reduce these compounds.

ContaminantPeak detectedEPA guidelineZIPs detectedStatus
lithium 9 µg/L 0 ZIPs Within guideline
PFTrDA 0.007 µg/L 0 ZIPs Within guideline
11Cl-PF3OUdS 0.005 µg/L 0.005 µg/L 1 ZIP Within guideline
11Cl-PF3OUdS 0.005 µg/L 0 ZIPs Within guideline
HFPO-DA 0.005 µg/L 0 ZIPs Within guideline

Health Risk Profile for New York

None of the contaminants detected in New York City's tap water exceeded EPA limits or health-based guidelines as of the most recent sampling in May 2025. Lithium was found at up to 9 micrograms per liter, but EPA has not set an enforceable limit for lithium in drinking water. PFAS readings were at or below detection thresholds and below EPA benchmarks.

Infants, pregnant individuals, and people with weakened immune systems are generally more sensitive to trace contaminants in drinking water. While current PFAS levels in New York City's water are below guidelines, this group may wish to take extra precautions, particularly given ongoing scientific review of PFAS health effects at low concentrations.

If you want additional protection, a filter certified to NSF/ANSI 58 (for reverse osmosis) or NSF/ANSI P473 is effective at reducing PFAS. NSF/ANSI is an independent third-party certification program, so look for that label on the product box when shopping. A filter certified to NSF/ANSI 42 can also reduce chlorine taste and odor if that is your main concern.

The EPA is still actively studying PFAS health effects at low levels, and federal maximum limits for several PFAS compounds were finalized only recently. The science in this area continues to evolve, and current guidelines may be updated as research progresses.

Best Broad-Spectrum Filters for This Water Profile

This city profile includes PFAS detections, chlorine disinfection, and other dissolved contaminants. Reverse osmosis (RO) systems certified under NSF/ANSI 58 provide broad reduction coverage; for PFAS specifically, confirm NSF/ANSI P473 or equivalent PFAS reduction certification.

Under-sink RO system

8-stage tankless RO system certified to NSF/ANSI 58, reduces 1,000+ contaminants including PFAS, lead, arsenic, fluoride, and nitrates.

See recommendations matched to your exact address: choose your ZIP code below.

Frequently Asked Questions about New York Tap Water

Is New York City tap water safe to drink?

Yes, New York City's tap water currently meets federal drinking water standards. Recent EPA testing found trace levels of PFAS compounds and lithium, but none exceeded EPA limits or health-based guidelines. All 284 ZIP codes sampled came in below any guideline threshold, making the overall picture one of compliance with no immediate safety concerns.

What contaminants are in New York City tap water?

Recent EPA testing detected lithium at up to 9 micrograms per liter, plus three PFAS compounds: PFTrDA at up to 0.007 micrograms per liter, and both 11Cl-PF3OUdS and HFPO-DA at up to 0.005 micrograms per liter each. None of these exceeded EPA guidelines. No ZIP code in the city tested above any health-based threshold.

Where does New York City get its drinking water?

New York City draws its water from surface reservoirs in the Catskill, Delaware, and Croton watersheds upstate. The New York City water system manages treatment and distribution across the five boroughs, moving treated water through a network of tunnels into the city.

Do I need a water filter in New York City?

The water meets current federal standards, so a filter is not required. However, if you want extra protection against the PFAS compounds detected, look for a filter certified to NSF/ANSI 58 or NSF/ANSI P473. NSF/ANSI is an independent third-party label you can find on the product packaging. For chlorine taste, an NSF/ANSI 42-certified filter works well.

How often is New York City tap water tested?

New York City's water system is tested on an ongoing basis under EPA monitoring programs. The most recent samples in this dataset were collected as recently as May 2025. Federal rules require large utilities to test for dozens of contaminants on regular schedules, with results reported publicly each year in an annual Consumer Confidence Report.

What is the best water filter for New York City?

Given the PFAS detections and chlorine-based disinfection in New York City's water, a filter certified to NSF/ANSI 58 (reverse osmosis) combined with NSF/ANSI P473 certification offers the broadest protection. If you prefer a simpler option, an NSF/ANSI 42-certified pitcher or faucet filter will reduce chlorine taste and odor effectively.

Tap water reports by ZIP in New York

Water utilities serving New York, NY

Service area boundaries are approximate and based on state filings or modeled estimates. Contact your utility to confirm exact service at a specific address.

Modeled boundaries are shown with a dashed outline.

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